@inproceedings{Pfister:1999:VRR:311535.311563, author = {Pfister, Hanspeter and Hardenbergh, Jan and Knittel, Jim and Lauer, Hugh and Seiler, Larry}, title = {The VolumePro Real-time Ray-casting System}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 26th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques}, series = {SIGGRAPH '99}, year = {1999}, isbn = {0-201-48560-5}, pages = {251--260}, numpages = {10}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/311535.311563}, doi = {10.1145/311535.311563}, acmid = {311563}, publisher = {ACM Press/Addison-Wesley Publishing Co.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, keywords = {graphics hardware, hardware systems, rendering hardware, rendering systems, volume rendering}, abstract={This paper describes VolumePro, the world´s first single-chip real-time volume rendering system for PC class computers. VolumePro implements object-space ray-casting with parallel slice-byslice processing. Our discussion of the architecture focuses on the rendering pipeline, the memory organization, and sectioning, which is a data partitioning scheme to reduce on-chip buffer requirements. We describe several advanced features of VolumePro, such as gradient magnitude modulation of opacity and illumination, supersampling, supervolumes, and crop and cut planes. The system renders more than 500 million interpolated, Phong illuminated, composited samples per second. This is sufficient to render a 256 x 256 x 256 volume at 30 frames per second.} }